Structure of Government under the 2008 Constitution * State structure. The 2008 Constitution established a 'Union system' consisti... ConstitutionNet Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008) Page 12. 21. (a) Every citizen shall enjoy the right of equality, the right of liberty and the right of justice, as prescribed in ... Food and Agriculture Organization BURMA Executive Summary The constitution and other laws ... The 2008 constitution went into effect on January 31upon the convening of the first joint session of the national parliament. The ... U.S. Department of State (.gov) 2008 Constitution of Myanmar - Wikipedia A political party's right to exist shall be revoked, and its registration cancelled, if, among other things, it is declared an unl... Wikipedia Constitution of Myanmar - Wikipedia 2008 Constitution On 9 April 2008, the military government of Myanmar (Burma) released its proposed constitution for the country t... Wikipedia Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008) Formation of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw 74. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw comprises of the following two Hluttaws : (a) in accord with the pr... Online Burma/Myanmar Library Myanmar: Constitutional structure | ICJ Mar 17, 2014 —
Feature: Constitution of Myanmar (2008) 1. Basic Identity
Full Name: Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Date of Adoption: 29 May 2008 (referendum) Date of Effect: 31 January 2011 Supersedes: 1974 Constitution (socialist) and 1947 Constitution (parliamentary) Type: Rigid constitution (difficult to amend; requires >75% parliamentary approval plus a national referendum for certain chapters)
2. Form of State & Government
State Structure: Unitary republic Government System: Presidential system (executive president is both head of state and head of government) Capital: Nay Pyi Taw (formally designated)
3. Key Political Doctrines (Embedded in the Constitution)
Tatmadha’s Role: The military (Tatmadaw) is constitutionally empowered to participate in political leadership and national defense; it automatically holds key ministerial posts (Defense, Home Affairs, Border Affairs). Disqualification of Aung San Suu Kyi Clause (informal name): Article 59(f) bars anyone whose spouse or children owe allegiance to a foreign power from becoming president. (Applied to Aung San Suu Kyi due to her late husband and sons being British citizens.) Leading role of the military in politics is entrenched. constitution of myanmar 2008
4. Executive Branch (President) | Feature | Detail | |---------|--------| | Head of State/Government | President | | Term | 5 years (max two terms) | | Election | Presidential Electoral College (3 groups: MPs from lower house, upper house, military-appointed MPs) | | Vice Presidents | Two (one civilian, one military) | | Removal | Impeachment by 2/3 majority of both houses | The President appoints the Cabinet, but the military automatically appoints the Ministers of Defense, Home Affairs, and Border Affairs without presidential discretion.
5. Legislative Branch (Pyidaungsu Hluttaw – Assembly of the Union) Bicameral structure: | House | Name | Seats | Elected | Military Appointed | |-------|------|-------|---------|--------------------| | Lower | Pyithu Hluttaut (People’s Assembly) | 440 | 330 | 110 | | Upper | Amyotha Hluttaw (Nationalities Assembly) | 224 | 168 | 56 |
Total seats: 664 Military reservation: 25% of all seats (unelected, automatically held by active-duty military officers) Term: 5 years Structure of Government under the 2008 Constitution *
Key legislative feature: Any constitutional amendment requires >75% approval, but since the military holds 25% of seats, it has a de facto veto over all amendments.
6. Judicial Branch